Smith, Kendall, and Hulin's publication of the Measurement of Satisfaction in Work and Retirement (1969) described the painstakingly careful development of the JDI. Patricia Cain Smith's (1917-2007) relocation from Cornell to Bowling Green State University in the mid-1960's brought with her the JDI and its growing community of users. In an effort to manage the administrative aspects of the JDI for organizational and academic users, and to continue her research in the area of job attitudes, Smith founded the JDI Research Group, an evolving community of industrial-organizational faculty and graduate students. The JDI research group continues to the present day and is active in efforts to research, refine, develop, and norm the instrument as well as a family of other organizationally-relevant measures (e.g., work stress). Dr. Smith had lead the research group with the assistance of Drs. William Balzer and Jennifer Gillespie. Along with the 1997 revision of the JDI, a Users' Manual and a new set of national norms was developed.